What distinguishes oligotrophic waters from eutrophic waters?

Oligotrophic and eutrophic waters are differentiated primarily by their nutrient levels. Oligotrophic waters are characterized by low concentrations of nutrients, which leads to low productivity and clear waters. These systems often have high oxygen levels throughout the water column and support a diverse range of aquatic life, including sensitive species that thrive in low-nutrient conditions.

In contrast, eutrophic waters have high concentrations of nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, which can lead to rapid growth of algae and other aquatic plants. This high productivity can result in decreased water clarity and can lead to problems such as oxygen depletion, especially when the organic matter decomposes.

The distinction between these two types of waters is crucial for understanding aquatic ecosystems, as the nutrient levels directly impact the biological health and water quality.