What role do wetlands play in flood control?

Wetlands are critical in flood control due to their natural ability to absorb excess water during periods of heavy rainfall or flooding. They act as a sponge, capturing and holding water, which helps to lessen the volume and intensity of runoff that reaches rivers and streams. This absorption process reduces the likelihood of flooding downstream by allowing the water to be released more gradually into the surrounding ecosystem. Furthermore, wetlands contribute to the replenishment of groundwater supplies while maintaining water quality by filtering pollutants. This dual function of storing water and filtering it enhances their significance in flood management and ecological health.